{"id":54598,"date":"2025-10-12T10:55:15","date_gmt":"2025-10-12T07:55:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/amlak.net.sa\/?p=54598"},"modified":"2025-11-25T17:01:58","modified_gmt":"2025-11-25T17:01:58","slug":"%d8%a8%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d9%87%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%86%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%8a%d8%ad%d9%8a%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%ab-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%85%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/amlak.net.sa\/en\/54598\/","title":{"rendered":"In pictures... Najran residents revive urban heritage by restoring mud houses and palaces"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Najran region is characterized by many monuments, civilizational landmarks, and urban heritage, which is considered an essential component of rural tourism in the region, where about 33 mud villages are spread on both sides of the Najran Valley, stretching from west to east, north and south.<\/p>\n

In order to preserve them from extinction, due to their unique architectural style intertwined with the beauty of the surrounding environment with its green areas, rich gardens and palm trees on the banks of the Najran Valley, the owners of \u201cAl-Droob\u201d heritage mud palaces and houses in Najran took the initiative to restore and rehabilitate them in a national gesture that stems from their awareness of the importance of the national historical heritage and the importance of preserving it as an identity and history, an authentication of an ancient past, a prosperous present, and a promising future. A national initiative stemming from their awareness of the importance of the national historical heritage and the importance of preserving it as an identity and history, and the origin of an ancient past, a prosperous present, and a promising future, to be a tourist attraction and a legacy for future generations, and a witness to the cultural heritage and urban heritage of the region and the country.<\/p>\n

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The models of mud buildings differ in names, shape and method of construction, while the components of their construction are united from stone, clay, wood and hay. The \u201cDarb\u201d is characterized by geometric images with breathtaking architectural and aesthetic art consisting of seven to nine floors, and a single room called the exit is built on its roof, which reveals the entire outer perimeter of the Darb and is intended for the head of the family or the head of the family, and there is a well called \u201cal-Hasi There is a well called \u201dAl-Hasi\u201c in the vicinity of the darb, while the \u201dAl-Mashuliq\u201c building, a U-shaped building, consists of two to three floors and all its rooms overlook the main entrance, while the \u201dAl-Muqaddam\u201c building consists of three floors and monsters, the ground floor of which is used as a council and storage rooms, as well as the \u201dsquare\" building, which is characterized by the equality of its sides.<\/p>\n

The aesthetics of the urban construction of palaces and mud houses in Najran are highlighted in the smallest details in the angled corners, and the proximity of the roof in the \u201cMashuliq\u201d building, while the \u201cLamaraba\u201d and \u201dKasbah\u201d are built in a circular shape, the base is large, and the circle narrows as it rises upwards and the building is usually located in the corners of the village for protection.<\/p>\n

The model of castles or fortresses or the so-called \u201cKasbah\u201d, which is usually in the wall that is built on some buildings or on the village, and it is built in a circular form where the base is larger and the circle narrows as the building rises and usually at the height of the wall surrounding a group of buildings. to surround the top of the wall for protection and to prevent climbing, and the wall has a door made of solid Sidr wood and has keys called the key, and Sidr wood is also used in the manufacture of interior doors and windows \u201cBaja\u201d.<\/p>\n

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The construction of mud houses begins with the use of mud, hay, palm trunks and palm fronds, starting with the laying of the foundation called \u201cWathar\u201d, which is made of stones and mud, and then begins laying the first pillar, and after completion, it is left for a day to dry, and this is in the summer, while in winter it is left for two or three days and then the second pillar is erected, and so on until the construction is completed, and after completion. The roof is made of wood from palm trunks, palm fronds, palm trees or Sidr trees, and after 15 days, the so-called \u201cgadad\u201d of white lime is started, then the \u201ctaasif\u201d process is done, which is the process of stairs and mud, after that comes the additional aesthetic operations for the buildings from the inside and outside.<\/p>\n

The Saudi Press Agency (SPA) visited the restoration operations being carried out for a number of heritage mud houses and palaces in the region, where Nasser Mubarak Al-Saqour, a specialist in cultural and urban heritage, explained how to build and restore mud houses, starting with their components of mud, hay, wood and stone, so that the stone is the basis of the building from below and a height of at least 10 cm to maintain the texture of the mud and protect it from decomposition and erosion \u201ceaten by salt\u201d, and work with mud and hay is in three stages, namely construction two stages and \u201cMalaj\u201d or talias one stage.<\/p>\n

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It consists of clay that is left for two to three days after mixing with hay, until it becomes dry, solid and cohesive, the first stage of construction begins with the use of milk by placing it in a monolithic form, and then the second stage in construction is the Madamek stage, which is the fermentation of clay for two or three days and then mixed with hay in a beating method, collected and then beaten with it on the wall It is the most important step in the construction or restoration process to close cracks, cohesion, durability and appearance of the building, during which hay is mixed with clay from ten days or more, by mixing it one day and leaving it one day and adding hay and water to the clay during the mixing process until its smell becomes pungent, which means its stability and quality, and good clay free of sand is chosen to make ceilings, sharifs and dye.<\/p>\n

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